How juntas in Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger are increasing costs of West African Trade

The Alliance of Sahel States (AES) came into existence on 16 September 2023 after Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger became signatories to the Liptako-Gourma Charter.

The charter is a mutual defence pact to address issues of terrorism, insecurity and economic instability. Over the last 18 months developmental projects have emerged and advanced in infrastructure, energy, security, agriculture, transportation, and international relations as they continue to synergise resources required for…